Chapter 16: every tradition · Christianity
United Pentecostal Church International
A congregation of the United Pentecostal Church International, the largest Oneness Pentecostal body, whose people often call themselves Apostolic. It teaches one indivisible God, revealed as Father, in the Son, and as the Holy Spirit, with all the fulness of the Godhead in Jesus; and the new birth of Acts 2:38: repentance, baptism by immersion in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and the baptism of the Holy Ghost with speaking in other tongues. Those baptized with the Trinitarian formula are normally baptized again in Jesus' name, often at once, the night they respond. Worship is long and passionate, on Sunday morning and evening and at midweek, with tongues, shouting, and dancing, and altar services where seekers pray through to the Holy Ghost; foot washing goes with communion. Each church elects its pastor, often for life, owns its building, sets its budget, and decides its membership; the district holds its ministers' credentials but can't take a church's property. Its holiness standards are visible: women with long, uncut hair, in dresses and without make-up; men with short hair; no theaters, dances, or mixed swimming; and no oath-bound societies.
All 80 traditions · its profile in Faiths and traditions, with how to play it; How people feel, what every factor is.
At a glance
| Faith | Christianity |
|---|---|
| Its words | church, church, sanctuary; the pastor leads the service; the sermon; Sunday; the Bible |
| Worship | word focus, charismatic, minimal formality (0.00 of 1); seated on pews |
| Music | gospel organ expected; band expected; chant discouraged; recorded discouraged |
| The room's sound | likes a dry room (the band) |
| Its year | western; pentecostal observance; fasts none |
| Leans | conservative on moral questions, conservative on economic ones |
| Polity | congregational; leaders come by call; property local |
| Leaders | one leader, full time, trained by college; marriage any |
| Belonging | high commitment, formal discipline, admitted by clergy; exclusive |
| Giving | tithing expected; collected by walked, plate |
| Way of life | alcohol abstinence, dress holiness, sabbath relaxed |
The week's services
| Day | Time | Service | Led by | People look for it |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunday | 10:30 am | Praise and worship | the pastor | expected |
| Sunday | 6:00 pm | Praise and worship | the pastor | expected |
| Wednesday | 7:30 pm | Prayer meeting and Bible study | the pastor | expected |
- Leader: a pastor. With none (a vacancy, or no one hired), the services are still held, but each costs everyone at it 0.10; on sabbatical a supply pastor stands in ($800 a month) for a little less.
- Communion (2 times a year), passed among the people: nothing needs to be placed to serve it. People receive from age 8; anyone younger who comes forward is blessed instead.
- Baptism: needs a baptistry or an immersion font, built and installed; until there is one, those wanting baptism wait.
- Foot Washing needs foot-washing basins: without it the rite is missed, and its regulars mind.
Rites
- Foot Washing (with communion, +0.025 to those there): Following Jesus at the Last Supper, members wash one another's feet in pairs, usually men with men and women with women, as a sign of humility and service before they share communion.
- Child Dedication (per birth, +0.02 to those there): Parents bring their baby to the front, promise to raise the child in the faith, and the pastor prays a blessing over the family while the congregation promises to support them.
- Anointing of the Sick (on request, +0.02 to those there, asked for 0.03 times a year by a household, 20 minutes): A priest or the elders pray over someone who is seriously ill, lay hands on them, and anoint them with oil, following James 5. It is usually done at home or in the hospital, sometimes at a communal service.
- Healing Service (monthly, +0.02 to those there): A service of prayer for healing and wholeness: those who wish come forward for the laying on of hands and anointing with oil, and the congregation prays for the sick.
- Tarrying Service (weekly, +0.02 to those there): Seekers wait at the altar praying aloud, often repeating "Jesus" or "Thank you, Jesus," while the saints gather round to pray with them until they receive the baptism of the Holy Ghost.
- Revival (yearly, +0.03 to those there): A week of nightly meetings with a guest evangelist, rousing music and an invitation every night, held to renew the church and win new converts.
- Camp Meeting (yearly, +0.03 to those there): Families from churches across the district gather for days of preaching, singing and prayer at a campground, with altar services each night.
Baptism, confirmation, and joining
- Baptized elsewhere: it recognizes only a baptism in Jesus' name. Someone so baptized is received at a service after about 4 weeks (a week from another of its churches).
- Not baptized (or baptized where it doesn't recognize it): a candidate who is baptized and received at the same service.
- Joining age: 12.
- The church's children are baptized as believers at about 10, most within a year or two of it.
- Kinds of belonging: saints (votes, may hold office); received by the pastor.
- What it means: being baptized, confirmed, or received is worth +0.1 to the person, +0.05 to family there, and +0.03 to everyone else at the service. It roots them: a rooted household drifts away only 0.6 times as often, and if it does fall away, it has a 25% chance of coming home each Christmas Eve and Easter for ten years.
Giving, and what goes up
How its people give and what else comes in, as Money explains it for every faith.
- How it's given: the tithes and offerings, by an offering walked forward at each main service, and a plate passed at each main service. Walked forward, members give 15% more than into a plate, and a visiting household half as much again as its $5 to $25.
- Tithing is expected: people give 15% more.
- Fundraisers: only the modest ones (below).
- Owed above: Christmas for Christ, a goal of $1,500 a year, to the General Conference (voluntary).
- Owed above: Ministers' dues, $900 a year, paid by its clergy, to the District; not kept, it costs the wider body's regard.
The pastor, the staff, and who decides
- How the pastor comes: advertised and called: the members vote.
- Paid: full time.
- Candidates: three apply; trained at college (a little less skilled; they ask 95%); women among them (about a third); most married; about one married candidate in seven comes as a couple, caring for 75 more.
- Tenure: for life (retiring after 35 years).
- Ranks: Licensed minister, Ordained minister; a candidate holds one by skill, and rises with the years.
- Staff it can hire or name (see Staff and volunteers):
- Bivocational pastor ($22,000–$38,000; cares for 75)
- Pastor ($55,000–$85,000 + $18,000 benefits, full time; cares for 150)
- Associate pastor ($42,000–$62,000 + $15,000 benefits, full time; cares for 100 more)
- Choir director / organist / pianist ($15,000–$35,000; leads the music (up to +0.06))
- Caretaker ($18,000–$30,000; slows the building's wear)
- Church secretary ($20,000–$35,000; runs the office (+50 to the leader's reach, once))
- Youth director ($20,000–$40,000; up to +0.08 for households with young people)
- Its boards: the church board (deciding, over everything).
- Renovations: The members vote, consulting the pastor.
- New construction: The members vote, consulting the pastor.
- Calling a leader: The members vote.
- Who votes: saints, 16 and over.
Life together
What its Community screen offers it, with the dilemmas only its own faith or family meets; see The congregation in its community.
- Ministries of its own: Choir.
- Ministries every tradition can run that it's offered: Blood drive, Food pantry, Health clinic, Preschool, Youth group.
- Fundraisers of its own: Soup supper.
- Shared fundraisers it may hold (only the modest ones): Bake sale, Car wash, Rummage sale.
- Tenants it can take: A scout troop, Another congregation, Parties and receptions, Polling place and forums.
- Auxiliaries: Sheaves for Christ.
- Outreach: invitation Sunday, a revival, a home Bible study, planting a new church (Community → Evangelism).
- Dilemmas of its own faith (besides those every congregation meets): A petition for cushions, The bells, again.
- Dilemmas its code of life brings: A candidates' forum, A Masonic funeral, A matter of discipline, A raffle for the roof, A recruiter asks for the hall, Champagne at the reception.
What the building needs
- required BaptistryBeliever's baptism by immersion needs a baptistry: a tank large enough for an adult, with plumbing to fill and drain it.
- required Communion tableThe Lord's Supper is served from a communion table, recalling the table of the Last Supper.
- required Foot-washing basinsBasins, towels and warm water for washing one another's feet.
- required PulpitPreaching is the center of worship, so the pulpit stands at the center of the platform.
- expected Communion traysThe bread and cup are carried to the pews in trays and passed along the rows.
- expected Drum kitWorship is led by a band.
- expected Hammond organGospel worship is carried by a Hammond organ.
- expected Mercy seatEvery service ends with an invitation to come forward and kneel at the mercy seat, the mourner's bench, or the altar rail.
- expected Sound systemA band needs a sound system to be heard.
- discouraged CrucifixThis tradition uses an empty cross, proclaiming the risen Christ, rather than a crucifix.
- discouraged Flaming chaliceThe flaming chalice is another tradition's symbol.
- discouraged IconIcons are not part of this tradition's worship.
- discouraged Painting of ChristPictures of Christ are not part of this tradition's worship space.
- discouraged StatueStatues are not part of this tradition's worship space.
What people here feel
- Architectural style: Colonial brick +0.012; Modern synagogue -0.006; Gurdwara -0.012; Japanese temple -0.024; Islamic -0.03; Shinto shrine -0.03; Chinese temple -0.036; Dravidian temple -0.042; Nagara temple -0.042; Thai temple -0.042; Jain marble -0.048; Gothic -0.054.
- Building fit: up to ±0.15 for everyone, the average fit of the characterful items in its worship rooms (the table below).
- Acoustics: it wants a dry room, about 0.9 seconds of reverberation: carpet, padded seats, a low ceiling. Up to ±0.05.
- Seasonal decor: it keeps the church year: paraments and the season's decor are worth up to ±0.000.
- The sermon lands by its topic and the tradition's leaning (below); the pastor's preaching adds or costs up to 0.08 more.
- Communion: each communion service runs longer; a slow one costs 0.05 for every 10 minutes the service runs over (0.2 at most).
How each sermon lands
The topics its leader can choose from (some are only for one faith or family), and what each is worth.
- Fire & Brimstone+0.08
- Marriage as God Designed+0.06
- Sanctity of Life+0.06
- The Last Days+0.06
- Faith & Family+0.04
- Faith of Our Fathers+0.04
- Obedience & Discipline+0.04
- Personal Holiness+0.04
- Resisting Temptation+0.04
- Spiritual Warfare+0.04
- The Authority of Scripture+0.04
- The Great Commission+0.04
- Biblical Stories+0.015
- Blessed Are the Peacemakers+0.015
- Called by Name+0.015
- Doubt & Faith+0.015
- Eternal Life & Resurrection+0.015
- Grace & Forgiveness+0.015
- Gratitude+0.015
- Hope & Comfort+0.015
- Joy in All Things+0.015
- Love One Another+0.015
- Sabbath Rest+0.015
- Saints & Witnesses+0.015
- Servant Leadership+0.015
- Songs of the Psalms+0.015
- Stewardship & Generosity+0.015
- The Church Year+0.015
- The Life of Prayer+0.015
- The Parables of Jesus+0.015
- Care for Creation-0.05
- Healing for All-0.05
- Interfaith Understanding-0.05
- Reading Scripture in Context-0.05
- Swords into Ploughshares-0.05
- The Prophets' Call-0.05
- Wealth & Poverty-0.05
- Welcome the Stranger-0.05
- Women Who Led-0.05
- Racial Justice & Reconciliation-0.075
- Radical Inclusion-0.075
- Social Justice Call-0.075
Every item, for this tradition
Fit runs from −1 (jars) to +1 (just right); the building fit is the average over the characterful items in the worship rooms. An item with no character (a table, a toilet) has no fit. A rule applies wherever the item is.
| Item | Fit | Rule |
|---|---|---|
| Seating | ||
| Box pew | -1 | |
| Choir stalls | -0.5 | |
| Meeting bench | no fit | |
| Oak pew | no fit | |
| Row of chairs | +1 | |
| Liturgical furniture | ||
| Altar | -1 | |
| Baptismal font | -1 | |
| Baptistry | no fit | required Believer's baptism by immersion needs a baptistry: a tank large enough for an adult, with plumbing to fill and drain it. |
| Bishop's chair | -1 | |
| Brass eagle lectern | -1 | |
| Columbarium niches | -1 | |
| Communion rail | -1 | |
| Communion station | no fit | |
| Communion table | no fit | required The Lord's Supper is served from a communion table, recalling the table of the Last Supper. |
| Communion trays | no fit | expected The bread and cup are carried to the pews in trays and passed along the rows. |
| Confessional screen | no fit | |
| Coptic cross | 0 | |
| Epitaphios | -1 | |
| Flaming chalice | -1 | discouraged The flaming chalice is another tradition's symbol. |
| Foot-washing basins | no fit | required Basins, towels and warm water for washing one another's feet. |
| Haikal screen | -1 | |
| Iconostasis | -1 | |
| Immersion font | -1 | |
| Lectern | no fit | |
| Litany desk | -1 | |
| Mercy seat | no fit | expected Every service ends with an invitation to come forward and kneel at the mercy seat, the mourner's bench, or the altar rail. |
| Octagonal stone font | -1 | |
| Paraments | no fit | |
| Pulpit | no fit | required Preaching is the center of worship, so the pulpit stands at the center of the platform. |
| Readers' desks | no fit | |
| Rood screen | -1 | |
| Sanctuary lamp | -1 | |
| Tabernacle | -1 | |
| Three-bar cross | 0 | |
| Thurible and stand | no fit | |
| Music | ||
| Brass band stands | 0 | |
| Chanter's stand | -1 | |
| Drum kit | +1 | expected Worship is led by a band. |
| Electronic organ | 0 | |
| Grand piano | 0 | |
| Hammond organ | +1 | expected Gospel worship is carried by a Hammond organ. |
| Handbell table | 0 | |
| Pipe organ | -0.5 | |
| Sound system | +1 | expected A band needs a sound system to be heard. |
| Upright piano | 0 | |
| Decor | ||
| Advent wreath | no fit | |
| Banner | 0 | |
| Christmas Eve candles | no fit | |
| Cross | 0 | |
| Crucifix | -1 | discouraged This tradition uses an empty cross, proclaiming the risen Christ, rather than a crucifix. |
| Easter lilies | no fit | |
| Eternal flame | no fit | |
| Flag of the church | 0 | |
| Great dome | -1 | |
| Icon | -1 | discouraged Icons are not part of this tradition's worship. |
| Memorial plaque | no fit | |
| National flag | 0 | |
| Painting of Christ | -1 | discouraged Pictures of Christ are not part of this tradition's worship space. |
| Paschal candle | no fit | |
| Plain spire | no fit | |
| Small dome | no fit | |
| Stained glass window | -1 | |
| Statue | -1 | discouraged Statues are not part of this tradition's worship space. |
| Steeple and bells | -1 | |
| Votive candle stand | no fit | |
| Furnishings | ||
| Alms box | no fit | |
| Coffee pot | no fit | |
| Commercial coffee pot | no fit | |
| Computer | no fit | |
| Crib | no fit | |
| Desk | no fit | |
| Desk chair | no fit | |
| Folding table | no fit | |
| Full-length mirror | no fit | |
| Pillar | -1 | |
| Prie-dieu | -1 | |
| Projection screen | +1 | |
| Vestment cabinet | -1 | |
| Wooden table | no fit | |
| Utility | ||
| A/V rack | no fit | |
| Camera | no fit | |
| Cast-iron boiler | no fit | |
| Central air conditioner | no fit | |
| Commercial HVAC plant | no fit | |
| Commercial stove | no fit | |
| Congregation van | no fit | |
| Ductless heat pump | no fit | |
| Electric wall heater | no fit | |
| Gas furnace | no fit | |
| Hearing loop | no fit | |
| Lift | no fit | |
| Packaged heat pump | no fit | |
| Plumbing stack | no fit | |
| Ramp | no fit | |
| Shuttle bus | no fit | |
| Sink | no fit | |
| Solar panels | no fit | |
| Stairs | no fit | |
| Toilet | no fit | |
| Used school bus | no fit | |
| Wall camera | no fit | |
| Window air conditioner | no fit | |
| Grounds | ||
| Evergreen tree | no fit | |
| Flower bed | no fit | |
| Fountain | no fit | |
| Garden bench | no fit | |
| Hedge | no fit | |
| Lychgate | -1 | |
| Playground | no fit | |
| Shade tree | no fit | |
| Standing cross | no fit | |
Sources
- 2023 UPCI Articles of Faith (link)
- UPCI position paper: Church Government (General Board, 2019) (link)
- UPCI position paper: Gender Distinction (General Board, 2014) (link)
- UPCI position paper: Media Technology (General Conference, 2013) (link)
- UPCI: About the UPCI (link)
- Christmas for Christ (Pentecostal Publishing House blog, 2021) (link)
- UPCI clergywomen (Liberty University doctoral dissertation, 2015) (link)